Signup bonuses Canada
No Deposit Bonuses for Players from Canada
Looking for the best no deposit bonuses in Canada? This list of cherry-picked signup bonuses will get you no deposit Free Spins on popular games from NetEnt, Play’n GO and Quickspin, as well as exclusive bonus codes that you won’t find anywhere else. Go for Free Spins with no wagering to claim your winnings in real cash!
🇨🇦 Here’s what else these top Canada casinos have in common:
- Payment methods like Interac, Instadebit, iDebit, PayPal, Visa.
- Licensed and regulated in reputable jurisdictions like EU and UK.
- Accept CAD and offer fast and secure cashouts.
- Offer good customer service in English.
Follow the links to start playing or read the full reviews to find out more about the payment methods, games and customer service.
Best signup bonuses
Here are the latest no deposit bonuses for Germany. **Offers updated January 2021**
Get 20 free spins on selected popular games when you register. Deposit $20 or more and get a 100% match bonus up to $300 and 100 free spins over 10 days. Each batch expires in 24h. Free spin values for the Wheelz Welcome Bonus are worth between $0,10 and $0,25. Bonus wagering requirement: 35x bonus. Live Casino titles contribute 50% towards wagering requirements. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
Sign up and get 50 Free Spins on a NetEnt slot of your choice. Winnings capped at €/$20. Wagering requirement: 35x. Max bet with bonus money is €/$5. Game weighting, time limitations and full T&C’s apply.
The Free Spins can be used on MultiFly! by Yggdrasil. No wagering requirements. A customer who has never made a successful deposit prior to winning will only be allowed a maximum withdrawal of €/$500. New 21+ or 18+ customers only. Full terms and conditions apply.
Maximum win from the bonus is $200. Wagering requirement: 50x in video slots. No bonus code needed – claim using the link. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
The EnergySpins will be available on the following game immediately upon registration: Book of Dead. Wagering requirement: 35x within 3 days. Max winnings are capped at: $100 (or currency equivalent). New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Spins can be played on Book of Dead. Wagering requirement: 35x. Maximum cashout: £100. Maximum bet: £3.99. Spins are valued at £0.10 per spin. New 18+ customers only. Standard bonus terms apply.
Register using this link and claim 12 no-deposit Free Spins on GameArt slot. Wagering requirement: 30x. Max payout: $15. Deposit $50 or more to get an exclusive 100% match bonus up to $150 (WR 40x) + 50 Free Spins on GameArt slots (WR 15x). Max wager: $15 for deposit bonus and $2 for Free Spins. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
The Free Spins will be credited after phone verification at 10 spins per day for 10 days. Wagering requirement: 50x within 24h for each batch of spins. Max win limit: €/$250. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


The Free Spins will be credited after phone verification at 10 spins per day for 10 days. Wagering requirement: 50x within 24h for each batch of spins. Max win limit: €/$250. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Just use the link to register at the casino and you’ll get 25 Bonus Spins to use on Dead or Alive 2! Wagering requirement: 35x winnings. Conversion time limit: 7 days. No max win limit. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Casumo
Editor's VerdictIt’s hard to find a better and friendlier online casino than CasumoRead Full review
Free Spins available upon registration on Jammin' Jars. Bonuses have a wagering requirement: 30x bonus + deposit (game weighting applies). Max bet applies. Min deposit: $20. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


SlotsMillion
Editor's VerdictOne of the more unique casinos out there with some of the best selections of slotsRead Full review
Use bonus code "MVSFREE" on registration to claim 10 Free Spins on Starburst in exclusive no deposit bonus. Wagering requirement: 35x. Maximum winnings: €/$100. Deposit €/$20 or more to get a match bonus up to €/$100 with 100 Free Spins on NetEnt slots. Match bonus wagering requirement 48x within 7 days. Payment method, bet and game weighting restrictions apply. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
The spins can be used on Book Of Pyramids, Brave Viking, Desert Treasure, Hawaii Cocktails, Lucky Blue, Lucky Lady Clover, Lucky Sweets, Princess Of Sky, Princess Royal, Scroll Of Adventure, Slotomon Go, West Town. Max payout: CA$50. Wagering requirement: 60x. New 18+ customers who open an account in CAD only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Free Spins will be given the following day by 12pm GMT, and will be available for 72 Hours. Wagering requirement: 40x. Bonus valid for 14 days. Maximum cashout limit: £/€/$100. New 18+ customers only. No bonus code needed. Play Responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Get 20 bonus spins in Book of Dead. No deposit required. No deposit bonus spins expire 7 days after sign up. Wagering requirement 30x on bonus spins. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


No wagering requirements on this signup bonus. Rewards must be claimed within 7 days. No code needed. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Sign up and get 10 Free Spins on Book of Dead. All winnings will be paid out in real cash (no wagering requirements). No bonus code needed. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Wagering requirements: x35 within 90 days. New 18+ customers only. Offer available in the UK, Canada, Austria, Germany, Finland, Norway, New Zealand, Japan. Maximum bet permitted when playing with bonus balance money is £5.00/€7.00/$7.50. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Welcome bonuses
Here are some more notable new-player bonuses from select Canadian online casinos. Use them to play your favourite slots, including Book of Dead, Fire Joker, Vikings Go Berzerk, Mega Moolah, Wild Swarm and many more.
Offer valid on 1st deposit only. Max bonus awarded $/€100. Bonus and deposit needs to be wagered 45x in 30 days. 20 Free Spins per day awarded over 5 days on eligible games. Free Spin winnings need to be wagered 35x. Terms & Conditions apply. 18+
18+. New players only. Min deposit €/$20. Max bet €/$5 while welcome bonus is in play. 35x wagering requirement. 1st deposit – 100% up to €/$100 & 25 Free Spins on Starburst 2nd deposit – 50% up to €/$200 & 25 Free Spins on Aloha! 3rd deposit – 50% up to €/$300 & 25 Free Spins on Fruit Shop 4th deposit – 25% up to €/$400 & 25 Free Spins on Gonzo’s Quest Offer may not be combined with other offers. Game weighting, time limitations & full T&C’s apply.
1st Deposit Offer: 100% deposit bonus up to $100 & 100 Free Spins on Book of Dead. 2nd Deposit Offer: 50% deposit bonus up to $200. 3rd Deposit Offer: 25% deposit bonus up to $700. Min deposit: $10. This offer is not available on deposits via Neteller, Skrill or Paysafecard. Wagering requirement: 25x bonus + deposit in 7 days. Max bet and game weighting applies. Winnings from Free Spins are limited to a max win of $100 per bonus. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
No wagering requirements. The Spins are only available on Starburst (Netent), Gonzo’s Quest (Netent) and Secrets of Atlantis (Netent). The Spins are available for a period of 7 days from the day of First Deposit. Offer is exclusive for Canadian players using Interac. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
Min deposit: $20. Free Spins available on trending slots like Aztec Gold MegaWays, Dragon's Fire MegaWays, Gonzo's Quest MegaWays, Piggy Riches MegaWays, Mystery Reels MegaWays. Match bonus and Free Spins wagering requirement: 40x bonus in 60 days. The maximum allowed bet containing bonus money is $5 (CAD). Non-sticky bonus. New customers only. Full terms & conditions apply.
All free spins will be paid out instantly on Book Of Cleopatra Superstake. New 18+ players only. 1st deposit only. Minimum deposit: $20-$25. Bonus wagering requirement: 50x bonus within 14 days. Free Spins wagering: 30x within 5 days. Bonus spins are worth C$.0.10 each Spin. Max bet and game weighting restrictions apply. BeGambleAware.org. Further eligibility and terms apply.
Min deposit: $20. Free Spins available every 24 hours after the first deposit. Each batch of 20 free spins is available from 00:01 of each day and they are valid for 24 hours. Free Spins available in games like Gonzo's Quest MegaWays, John Hunter, Money Train 2, Sweet Bonanza, Wolf Gold, Starburst, Temple Tumble MegaWays, Sakura Fortune, Eastern Emerald, Jammin Jars. Real money played first. Wagering 40x for the match bonus, 30x for the spins in 30 days. Skrill, Neteller and Paysafe payments don't qualify. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
Min deposit: 10 EUR, 100 NOK, 20 CAD, 20 NZD, 800 INR, 10 USD. Spin Buster’s Wheel to win a feature round on Sakura Fortune (0.20) The Grand (0.20) Sticky Bandits Wild Return (0.20) The Wild Chase (0.25). Wagering requirement: 20x in 7 days. New customers only. Full T&C apply.


1st deposit: 100% up to $50 + 10 Free Spins on Dwarfs Gone Wild (0.20). 2nd deposit: 50% up to $200. 3rd deposit: Deposit $20 get 200 Free Spins on Starburst. Min deposit: 20 CAD, 30 NZD (Skrill, Neteller, Paysafe don't qualify). Match bonus wagering: 30x bonus + deposit in 7 days. Max bonus bet: $5. New customers only. Gamble responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Regardless of the outcome of your playing session or how you play, UltraCasino rewards your activity. At any time of the day, week or month, you might be surprised by a free ultra bonus! Only by depositing, the players can expect a free bonus to be available during the day, week or month after the deposit was made. Wagering requirement on bonus/free spins winnings is 20x. Needs to be completed within 24h. Players need to accept receiving marketing material to receive bonuses. Full T&C apply.
New customers only. First four deposits only. Min deposit: $10. Wagering requirement: 40x bonus. Game weighting applies. 30 Free Spins will be instantly credited upon qualifying deposit. The remainder will be credited at the rate of 30 per day for 9 days on Reactoonz (Play'n GO). The maximum withdrawal amount for a player from their Free Spins is $100. Deposits made via Skrill or Neteller are not eligible for the first four (4) New Player Welcome Bonuses. Full T&C apply.
Min deposit: 30 CAD. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus and spins (game weighting applies). Free Spins on John Hunter and the Book of Tut (Pragmatic Play). You will receive 30 free spins per day for 5 days. Maximum bonus bet: 7.5 CAD. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
New customers only. Opt-in required. 100% Match Bonus up to $250 on 1st deposit of $20+. Additional bonuses of up to $250 on 2nd deposit of $20+ and up to $500 on 3rd deposit of $20+. 50x bonus wagering applies. Terms apply.


LeoVegas
Editor's VerdictLeoVegas is probably the best mobile casino with a fantastic choice of gamesRead Full review
Wagering requirement: 25x deposit within 7 days (non-sticky bonus). Game weighting applies. Free Spins are only available on Book of Dead and are worth $0.10 each. New customers only. Play responsibly. Read full T&C's.
Use deposit code: NEON. Wagering requirement: 20x bonus within 2 days. Real money will always be used first when you have both real money and bonus money in your account. No max bets. Offer is not valid for Skrill, Neteller or Paysafe deposits. New customers only. Full T&C apply.
Min deposit: $1. 100 free spins given over the course of 10 days, 10 free spins each day. Slots include Book of Tut, Piggy Riches MegaWays, Book of Dead, Razor Shark, Ramses Book, Starburst, Book of Cleopatra, Money Train, Book of Oz, The Falcon Huntress. Free spin values for the Caxino Welcome Bonus are worth $0.10. Wagering requirement: 35x bonus (non-sticky). New customers only. Full T&C apply.
Add the promo code BDP100FSWB on the Registration form. Claim your 120% Welcome Casino Bonus and then place your 1st deposit. New players only. 18+. Min deposit $35. Wagering requirement apply: 40x deposit + bonus within 10 days. Free Spins available on Starburst. Free Spins wagering: 35x. The max winning with the free spins is $100. Full T&C apply.
Get a 100% bonus up to €200 and 200 free spins in Book of Dead on your first deposit. Twin Welcome Pack is valid on two deposits. The free spins will be given in batches of 40 over 5 days. Valid for 24 hours once added. Match bonus wagering requirement: 40x bonus within 30 days. Min deposit: €10. Payment and betting restrictions apply. Full T&C.
The Welcome Casino Bonus applies for the Casino Slots and only for the following providers: Play'n GO, Habanero. Min deposit: $30. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus + deposit. Max be with bonus: $5. New customers only. Full Terms and Conditions apply.
The Welcome Casino Bonus applies for the Casino Slots and only for the following providers: Play'n GO, Habanero, NetEnt. Min deposit: $20. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus + deposit. Max bet with bonus: $5. New customers only. Full Terms and Conditions apply.


Guts
Editor's VerdictGuts is a long-standing brand to be trusted with rewarding recurring promotions and a great selection of gamesRead Full review
Use the spins on Book of Dead. The spins don’t have a wagering requirement and will be paid out at 10 spins a day for 10 days. Min deposit $10. Match bonus wagering requirement: 25x the bonus + deposit within 15 days. Deposits via Neteller, Skrill or Paysafecard are excluded from this offer. Game weighting applies. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Deposit €/$10 or more and get a 100% match bonus up to €/$500, plus 25 Free Spins per day, every day on a different game. Wagering requirement: 35x bonus. Free Spins wagering: 35x. Real money played first. Game weighting restrictions apply. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Frank & Fred
Editor's VerdictFrank & Fred has one of the best VIP clubs in the businessRead Full review
Deposit $40 or more and get a 100% match bonus up to $1,000 + 300 Free Spins on Starburst and Dead or Alive 2 divided between 30 days. Match bonus wagering requirement: 35x bonus + deposit in 14 days. Free Spins winnings wagering: 35x in 3 days. New customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Double your deposit with €/$1,000 bonus money and 100 spins (30 instantly then 10x7 per day for a week). The 30 FreeSpins are on Starburst. The daily FreeSpins are on Viking Voyage (Betsoft). Min deposit: €10. Wagering requirement: 35x bonus. Bet and game restrictions apply. New customers only. Full T&C apply.


Fun Casino
Editor's VerdictQuick payment, lots of deposit methods and a great selection of gamesRead Full review
Maximum bonus is €/$123. Max bet with bonus is €/$5. No max cash out. Wagering is 50x – Skrill & Neteller excluded. Eligibility is restricted for suspected abuse. Cashback is cash, so no wagering. Cashback applies to deposit where no bonus is included. New 18+ players only. Gamble responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Select casino bonus from deposit menu at first deposit. Min deposit $20. Max. Bonus is $200. The deposit and bonus needs to be wagered 20 (twenty) times on slots and instant win games within 60 days before a withdrawal can be made. Free Spins can only be used in selected games such as Aloha!, Wild Wild West, Finn and the Swirly Spin, Berry Burst or Starburst. Free spins must be claimed and played within 60 days after crediting. New customers only. Play responsibly. T&Cs apply.
1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th Deposit – Match Bonus up to $/€400. Min deposit: $/€10. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus (game weighting applies). Progressive Slots will contribute 100% to the play-through requirement. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
100% match up to €/$400 first deposit + 100 bonus spins on Wheel of Wishes (min deposit €/$20). 100% match up to €/$300 on second deposit (min deposit €/$10). 100% match up to €/$300 on the third deposit (min deposit €/$10). Min deposit: €/$10. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus (game weighting applies). Progressive Slots will contribute 100% to the play-through requirement. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
Opt in required. Minimum $10 Buy in. Maximum $300 Buy in. 100% Bonus will be awarded on Buy in up to $300. 40x wagering requirement applies to Bonus. Available once per customer. New customers to the casino page only. Maximum withdrawable $2,000. Bonus will expire 7 days from issue. Game weighting, player, currency, country, game restrictions & full terms apply.
New players only, min deposit £/€/$10, wagering 45x bonus, max bet £/€/$5 with bonus funds. Live casino play excluded with bonus. Welcome bonus excluded for players depositing with Skrill or Neteller. No max cash out on deposit offers. Eligibility is restricted for suspected abuse. BeGambleAware.org. Full T&C apply.
1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th Deposit – Match Bonus up to $/€300. Min deposit: $/€10. Wagering requirement: 50x bonus (game weighting applies). Progressive Slots will contribute 100% to the play-through requirement. New 18+ customers only. Full T&C apply.
Min deposit $10/min bonus $10/max bonus $200. Wagering requirement: 35x (mix funds). New 18+ players only. Bonus valid 15 days. Certain payment methods excluded. BeGambleAware.org. T&Cs apply.
New customers only. Min $20 deposit. Max $1,000 CAD bonus as 4 100% up to $250 bonuses. Rollover is 30x bonus. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
New 18+ customers only. Min. $10 deposit, card and PayPal only. 50x wagering, game contributions vary, max. stake applies. 7 day expiry. www.begambleaware.org. See full terms.
This is a 100% first deposit bonus up to $100. Wagering requirement: x25 bonus within 30 days (game weighting restrictions apply). Deposits with Paysafe, Skrill and Neteller don't qualify. New 19+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Free Spins on Sticky Bandits (Quickspin). The bonus is available on the first deposit of minimum $/€20. Winnings from the welcome bonus are limited to $/€5,000. Wagering requirement: 50x the bonus amount and 100 or more bets since registration within 30 days. Bonus money is played first (sticky bonus). Max bet with bonus: $/€20. Game weighting applies. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Free spins as part of the welcome bonus can be played on either: Wild Wild West, Finn and the Swirly Spin, Spinsane, Aloha, Starburst or Joker Pro. Min deposit: €/$/£20. Skrill and Neteller deposits don’t qualify. Wagering requirement: 40x bonus within 30 days (non-sticky bonus). NOTE: 10% cashback on on all lost deposits, the next day. It can be left to build up, redeemed and withdrawn immediately, or redeemed and played with no wagering requirements. Game weighting applies. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C.
This is a 100% welcome match bonus up to €/$500 for new depositing players. Min deposit: €/$50. Wagering requirement: 40x bonus within 60 days (game weighting applies). During gameplay, real money is used first (non-sticky bonus). The maximum allowed bet containing bonus money is €/$5. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.
Minimum deposit required: €/$20. The free spins will be issued at a 1:1 ratio with the deposited amount. For example, if a player deposits $/€20, the player will get 20 free spins. The winnings from the free spins are considered Cash winnings and will go directly to Cash Balance (no wagering requirements). New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Gambola
Editor's VerdictIt’s a real treat for anyone who’s into fast sites and instant cashback casino bonusesRead Full review
If you don’t manage to double up your first deposit within 24 hours, you’ll get your money back up to €40. No wagering requirements. Minimum deposit €10. You can forfeit your cashback offer at any time and withdraw your remaining balance. Max bonus bet: €5. New 18+ customers only. Play responsibly. Full T&C apply.


No bonus code needed: just use the exclusive link. Use the Spins on Book of Dead (Play’n GO slot). Min deposit: €/£/$10. Get 1 Free Spin for every €/£/$1 that you deposit, up to 80. All wins are paid in cash with no wagering requirements. New 18+ customers only. Gamble responsibly. Full T&C apply.


Metal Casino
Editor's VerdictRock-solid casino with exclusive merch and epic gamificationRead Full review
The 100% match welcome bonus has a wagering of 25x bonus + deposit. Min deposit €/$10. Skrill or Neteller are NOT eligible to claim welcome or reload bonuses. The Wheel Spin guarantees a win. Game weighting restrictions apply. Max win from the bonus is 20x the deposited amount. New 18+ players only. Gamble responsibly. More details.
The 100% bonus is available for up to first 5 deposits in the casino. Min deposit: €/$20. Wagering requirement: 35x bonus + deposit. Game weighting and maximum bet restrictions apply. New 18+ customers only. Full terms and conditions apply. Gamble responsibly. Full T&C apply.
New customers only. Opt-in required. 1st deposit bonus 100% up to €/£/$200. 2nd deposit bonus 50% up to €/£/$200, 3rd deposit bonus 25% up to €/£/$200, 4th deposit bonus 25% up to €/£/$200. Min deposit €/£/$10. 40x wagering, 30 days to complete wagering, eligibility, game weighting and game restrictions apply. Max Bet with bonus funds €/£/$5. Neteller/Skrill deposits excluded, cash balance can be withdrawn at any time. Maximum withdrawal from bonuses capped at €/£/$2,000. Gamble responsibly. Full bonus terms.
**New casino deals are added regularly. Come back for new offers soon!**
Casino Bonuses FAQ

A signup bonus (a casino signup bonus, of course) is a bonus that a casino or sportsbook gives you upon registration. There is no need to make a deposit like with “welcome” bonuses, so you are not really risking with anything.
The only hard work is to create an account, and then maybe also submit KYC documents if you win enough or play through the wagering requirements and are ready to withdraw your winnings.

It’s a bonus amount that the casino gives you proportionally to your deposit. For example: a 200% match up to C$100 means if you deposit C$50, the casino will give you C$100 more to play with. That means you’ll have a total of C$150.
Will the bonus be used before, after or together with the deposit is another matter (see “What is a sticky bonus?”).
Also note that the casino match bonus is not free money, but is subject to wagering requirements and a long list of T&C.

A WR is an acronym that stands for Wagering Requirement (aka playthrough). It tells how many times you must play your bonus and/or deposit amount through to withdraw any winnings from them (see also “What is a sticky bonus?”).
Example #1: A 100% match bonus up to $100 with a 40x bonus WR means you must play the bonus $100 x 40 = $4,000. Do that and you’re good to withdraw your winnings.
Example #2: If the wagering is for both the bonus and deposit, eg 20x the bonus and 20x the deposit amount, then the rollover is just done in a specific order, depending which amount is played first.

In 99.9% of the cases the answer is no, because of game weighting. In most cases table games contribute less towards the WR than slots for instance.
For example, if you play roulette that contributes only 10% towards the rollover, then it means the WR is not 40x but 400x the bonus amount. In other words, it’s 10x more, to the player’s disadvantage.

Free Spins are spins that you get on a slot of the casino’s choice (usually on one made by NetEnt, Play’n GO, Thunderkick, Pragmatic or Quickspin). The spins have a pre-set bet size (usually $0.10), which you cannot change. That’s why sometimes there can be a major difference between two lookalike free-spin bonuses at different casinos. But don’t worry, they often make sure players know that to stand out.

There are many incorrect versions of what is a sticky bonus (or parachute bonuses), so here’s the correct one. A sticky bonus is a casino bonus that ties your deposit AND its winnings with wagering requirements. So you cannot request a withdrawal unless that wagering is completed or at the expense of losing any winnings generated with the deposit and the bonus.
Sticky bonus example: You deposit $100 and get a 100% match bonus in return. That makes it $200, all of which is subject to wagering requirements from the start. Usually such is the case with offers where you see that both the bonus and deposit amount have a wagering requirement.
What’s a non-sticky bonus? – It’s the one that you can withdraw WITH any winnings, before you touch the bonus (because in this case it’s always used second). However, if such a withdrawal is requested, the bonus will be removed.

In the majority of cases there’s no bonus code needed. Simply click on the link and register an account to get your freebies or bonus cash.
In other cases, remember to use the bonus code or reach out to the casino’s customer support via live chat to let them redeem it for you manually.

Here are some additional notes that will give you an advantage:
- Some casinos don’t give a welcome bonus when depositing via Skrill or Neteller.
- Country restrictions apply in all cases, so make sure that the country you’re playing from actually qualifies for the bonus in the first place.
- With match bonuses, the minimum deposit amount is usually C$10 or C$20. In very rare cases, it’s below or above that.
- Some casinos also require you to make a deposit before cashing out any signup bonus wins.
- It’s good to know what’s the minimum casino withdrawal limit, especially if you’re a low roller.
- At some online casinos, real money is played before bonus funds; at others, it’s the other way round or 50/50.